Difference between revisions of "Potassium"
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[[Potassium]] is a [[Group 1]] [[element]], on the [[Periodic Table]], with an [[Atomic Number|atomic number]] of 19. | [[Potassium]] is a [[Group 1]] [[element]], on the [[Periodic Table]], with an [[Atomic Number|atomic number]] of 19. | ||
===About Potassium=== | ===About Potassium=== | ||
| + | ====Molecular Structure==== | ||
: [[Potassium]] has the [[Chemical Formula|chemical formula]] [[Potassium|K]]. | : [[Potassium]] has the [[Chemical Formula|chemical formula]] [[Potassium|K]]. | ||
| + | : [[Potassium]] [[atom]]s join together in large numbers to form a giant [[metal]] [[molecule]]. | ||
| + | ====Atomic Structure==== | ||
: [[Potassium]] has 19 [[proton]]s and 20 [[neutron]]s in its [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] giving it an [[Atomic Number]] of 19 and an [[Relative Atomic Mass|atomic mass]] of 39. | : [[Potassium]] has 19 [[proton]]s and 20 [[neutron]]s in its [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] giving it an [[Atomic Number]] of 19 and an [[Relative Atomic Mass|atomic mass]] of 39. | ||
| + | : An [[atom]] of [[Potassium]] has only 1 [[electron]] in its [[Outer Shell|outer shell]]. | ||
| + | ====Properties==== | ||
: [[Potassium]] is a more [[Reactivity|reactive]] [[Alkali Metal|alkali metal]] than [[Sodium]] but less [[Reactivity|reactive]] than [[Rubidium]]. | : [[Potassium]] is a more [[Reactivity|reactive]] [[Alkali Metal|alkali metal]] than [[Sodium]] but less [[Reactivity|reactive]] than [[Rubidium]]. | ||
: [[Potassium]] is more [[Reactivity|reactive]] than [[Carbon]] on the [[Reactivity Series|reactivity series]] so it must be [[Extraction of Metals|extracted]] from its [[ore]] using [[electrolysis]]. | : [[Potassium]] is more [[Reactivity|reactive]] than [[Carbon]] on the [[Reactivity Series|reactivity series]] so it must be [[Extraction of Metals|extracted]] from its [[ore]] using [[electrolysis]]. | ||
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: [[Potassium]] [[Chemical Reaction|reacts]] strongly with [[water]] to produce [[Hydrogen]] [[gas]] and [[Potassium Hydroxide]]. | : [[Potassium]] [[Chemical Reaction|reacts]] strongly with [[water]] to produce [[Hydrogen]] [[gas]] and [[Potassium Hydroxide]]. | ||
: [[Potassium]] is a [[solid]] at [[STP|room temperature]]. | : [[Potassium]] is a [[solid]] at [[STP|room temperature]]. | ||
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==Key Stage 4== | ==Key Stage 4== | ||
===Meaning=== | ===Meaning=== | ||
[[Potassium]] is a [[Group 1]] [[element]], on the [[Periodic Table]], with 19 [[proton]]s in the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]]. | [[Potassium]] is a [[Group 1]] [[element]], on the [[Periodic Table]], with 19 [[proton]]s in the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]]. | ||
===About Potassium=== | ===About Potassium=== | ||
| + | ====Molecular Structure==== | ||
: [[Potassium]] has the [[Chemical Formula|chemical formula]] [[Potassium|K]]. | : [[Potassium]] has the [[Chemical Formula|chemical formula]] [[Potassium|K]]. | ||
| + | : [[Potassium]] [[atom]]s join together in a [[Giant Metallic Structure|giant metallic structure]]. | ||
| + | ====Atomic Structure==== | ||
: The most [[Stable Isotope|stable isotope]] of [[Potassium]] has 20 [[neutron]]s in its [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] giving it an [[Relative Atomic Mass|atomic mass]] of 39. | : The most [[Stable Isotope|stable isotope]] of [[Potassium]] has 20 [[neutron]]s in its [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] giving it an [[Relative Atomic Mass|atomic mass]] of 39. | ||
| + | : An [[atom]] of [[Potassium]] has only 1 [[electron]] in its [[Outer Shell|outer shell]]. | ||
| + | : [[Potassium]] [[ion]]s have lost an [[electron]] to become [[Positive Charged|positively charged]]. | ||
| + | ====Properties==== | ||
: [[Potassium]] is a more [[Reactivity|reactive]] [[Alkali Metal|alkali metal]] than [[Sodium]] but less [[Reactivity|reactive]] than [[Rubidium]]. | : [[Potassium]] is a more [[Reactivity|reactive]] [[Alkali Metal|alkali metal]] than [[Sodium]] but less [[Reactivity|reactive]] than [[Rubidium]]. | ||
: [[Potassium]] is more [[Reactivity|reactive]] than [[Carbon]] on the [[Reactivity Series|reactivity series]] so it must be [[Extraction of Metals|extracted]] from its [[ore]] using [[electrolysis]]. | : [[Potassium]] is more [[Reactivity|reactive]] than [[Carbon]] on the [[Reactivity Series|reactivity series]] so it must be [[Extraction of Metals|extracted]] from its [[ore]] using [[electrolysis]]. | ||
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: [[Potassium]] [[Chemical Reaction|reacts]] strongly with [[water]] to produce [[Hydrogen]] [[gas]] and [[Potassium Hydroxide]]. | : [[Potassium]] [[Chemical Reaction|reacts]] strongly with [[water]] to produce [[Hydrogen]] [[gas]] and [[Potassium Hydroxide]]. | ||
: [[Potassium]] is a [[solid]] at [[STP|standard temperature and pressure]] with a [[Melting Point|melting point]] of 63.5 [[Degrees Celsius|°C]]. | : [[Potassium]] is a [[solid]] at [[STP|standard temperature and pressure]] with a [[Melting Point|melting point]] of 63.5 [[Degrees Celsius|°C]]. | ||
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Revision as of 19:53, 31 March 2019
Contents
Key Stage 2
Meaning
Key Stage 3
Meaning
Potassium is a Group 1 element, on the Periodic Table, with an atomic number of 19.
About Potassium
Molecular Structure
- Potassium has the chemical formula K.
- Potassium atoms join together in large numbers to form a giant metal molecule.
Atomic Structure
- Potassium has 19 protons and 20 neutrons in its nucleus giving it an Atomic Number of 19 and an atomic mass of 39.
- An atom of Potassium has only 1 electron in its outer shell.
Properties
- Potassium is a more reactive alkali metal than Sodium but less reactive than Rubidium.
- Potassium is more reactive than Carbon on the reactivity series so it must be extracted from its ore using electrolysis.
- Potassium oxidises quickly in the presence of Oxygen so it must be stored in oil.
- Potassium reacts strongly with water to produce Hydrogen gas and Potassium Hydroxide.
- Potassium is a solid at room temperature.
Key Stage 4
Meaning
Potassium is a Group 1 element, on the Periodic Table, with 19 protons in the nucleus.
About Potassium
Molecular Structure
- Potassium has the chemical formula K.
- Potassium atoms join together in a giant metallic structure.
Atomic Structure
- The most stable isotope of Potassium has 20 neutrons in its nucleus giving it an atomic mass of 39.
- An atom of Potassium has only 1 electron in its outer shell.
- Potassium ions have lost an electron to become positively charged.
Properties
- Potassium is a more reactive alkali metal than Sodium but less reactive than Rubidium.
- Potassium is more reactive than Carbon on the reactivity series so it must be extracted from its ore using electrolysis.
- Potassium oxidises quickly in the presence of Oxygen so it must be stored in oil.
- Potassium reacts strongly with water to produce Hydrogen gas and Potassium Hydroxide.
- Potassium is a solid at standard temperature and pressure with a melting point of 63.5 °C.