Difference between revisions of "Ionic Compound"
(Created page with ": Metal elements form positive ions because it is easier for them lose electrons than gain electrons to get a full outer shell...") |
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| − | : [[Metal]] [[element]]s form [[Positive Ion|positive ions]] because it is easier for them lose [[electron]]s than gain [[electron]]s to get a full [[Outer Shell|outer shell]]. [[Metal]]s are on the left hand side of the [[Periodic Table]] and usually have either 1, 2 or | + | ==Key Stage 4== |
| + | ===Meaning=== | ||
| + | An '''ionic compound''' is a [[molecule]] formed from 2 or more [[element]]s which have transferred [[electron]]s to become [[ion]]s. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===About Ionic Compounds=== | ||
| + | : '''Ionic compounds''' form when [[atom]]s lose one or more [[electron]]s to become a [[Positive Ion|positive ion]]s and other [[atom]]s gain [[electron]]s to become [[Negative Ion|negative ions]]. The [[Electrostatic Force|electrostatic force]] of [[attraction]] between these [[ion]]s is a strong [[Chemical Bond|chemical bond]]. | ||
| + | : [[Metal]] [[element]]s form [[Positive Ion|positive ions]] because it is easier for them lose [[electron]]s than gain [[electron]]s to get a full [[Outer Shell|outer shell]]. [[Metal]]s are on the left hand side of the [[Periodic Table]] and usually have either 1, 2, 3 or 4 [[electron]]s in the [[Outer Shell]]. | ||
| + | : [[Group 1]] [[Element]]s all form +1 [[ion]]s; Li<sup>+1</sup>, Na<sup>+1</sup>, K<sup>+1</sup> | ||
| + | : [[Group 2]] [[Element]]s all form +2 [[ion]]s; Be<sup>+2</sup>, Mg<sup>+2</sup>, Ca<sup>+2</sup> | ||
| + | : [[Group 3]] [[Element]]s all form +3 [[ion]]s; Al<sup>+3</sup> | ||
| + | : [[Transition Metal]] [[Element]]s can form different [[ion]]s which are shown by [[Roman Numeral]]s; | ||
| + | Iron can form [[Fe]](II) which is [[Fe]]<sup>+2</sup> or [[Fe]](III) is [[Fe]]<sup>+3</sup> | ||
| + | Manganese can form [[Mn]](II) which is [[Mn]]<sup>+2</sup> or [[Mn]](IV) which is [[Mn]]<sup>+4</sup> | ||
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: [[Non-metal]] [[element]]s form [[Negative Ion|negative ions]] because it is easier for them to gain [[electron]]s than lose [[electron]]s to get a full [[Outer Shell|outer shell]]. [[Non-metal]]s are on the right hand side of the [[Periodic Table]] and usually have 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 [[electron]]s in their [[Outer Shell|outer shell]]. | : [[Non-metal]] [[element]]s form [[Negative Ion|negative ions]] because it is easier for them to gain [[electron]]s than lose [[electron]]s to get a full [[Outer Shell|outer shell]]. [[Non-metal]]s are on the right hand side of the [[Periodic Table]] and usually have 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 [[electron]]s in their [[Outer Shell|outer shell]]. | ||
| + | : [[Group 5]] [[Element]]s all form -3 [[ion]]s; N<sup>-3</sup>, P<sup>-3</sup> | ||
| + | : [[Group 6]] [[Element]]s all form -2 [[ion]]s; O<sup>-2</sup>, S<sup>-2</sup> | ||
| + | : [[Group 7]] [[Element]]s all form -1 [[ion]]s; F<sup>-1</sup>, Cl<sup>-1</sup> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Examples=== | ||
| + | : | ||
Revision as of 12:54, 28 December 2018
Key Stage 4
Meaning
An ionic compound is a molecule formed from 2 or more elements which have transferred electrons to become ions.
About Ionic Compounds
- Ionic compounds form when atoms lose one or more electrons to become a positive ions and other atoms gain electrons to become negative ions. The electrostatic force of attraction between these ions is a strong chemical bond.
- Metal elements form positive ions because it is easier for them lose electrons than gain electrons to get a full outer shell. Metals are on the left hand side of the Periodic Table and usually have either 1, 2, 3 or 4 electrons in the Outer Shell.
- Group 1 Elements all form +1 ions; Li+1, Na+1, K+1
- Group 2 Elements all form +2 ions; Be+2, Mg+2, Ca+2
- Group 3 Elements all form +3 ions; Al+3
- Transition Metal Elements can form different ions which are shown by Roman Numerals;
Iron can form Fe(II) which is Fe+2 or Fe(III) is Fe+3 Manganese can form Mn(II) which is Mn+2 or Mn(IV) which is Mn+4
- Non-metal elements form negative ions because it is easier for them to gain electrons than lose electrons to get a full outer shell. Non-metals are on the right hand side of the Periodic Table and usually have 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 electrons in their outer shell.
- Group 5 Elements all form -3 ions; N-3, P-3
- Group 6 Elements all form -2 ions; O-2, S-2
- Group 7 Elements all form -1 ions; F-1, Cl-1