Difference between revisions of "Capacitor Energy"
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*[[Capacitor]]s can deliver [[energy]] quickly compared to [[Electrical Battery|batteries]]. | *[[Capacitor]]s can deliver [[energy]] quickly compared to [[Electrical Battery|batteries]]. | ||
*Used in [[Power Supply|power supplies]] to smooth out fluctuations in [[Potential Difference|voltage]]. | *Used in [[Power Supply|power supplies]] to smooth out fluctuations in [[Potential Difference|voltage]]. | ||
| − | *The [[energy]] stored in a [[capacitor]] is half the [[energy]] required to charge the capacitor. Since the [[Electrical Work|work done]] to [[Electrical Charge|charge]] the [[capacitor]] is given by the product of the [[Electrical Charge|charge]] supplied by the [[Electrical Battery|battery]] and the [[Potential Difference|potential difference]] of the [[Electrical Battery|battery]] provides a constant flow of [[Electrical Charge|charge]] and constant [[Potential Difference|potential difference]]. However, as the [[Potential Difference|potential difference]] across the [[capacitor]] changes as the [[Electrical Charge|charge]] stored in the [[capacitor]] changes. This provides a maximum efficiency of 50% to [[capacitor]]s which is far less than the efficiency of a [[Electrical Battery|battery]]. | + | *The [[energy]] stored in a [[capacitor]] is half the [[energy]] required to charge the capacitor. Since the [[Electrical Work|work done]] to [[Electrical Charge|charge]] the [[capacitor]] is given by the product of the [[Electrical Charge|charge]] supplied by the [[Electrical Battery|battery]] and the [[Potential Difference|potential difference]] of the [[Electrical Battery|battery]] provides a constant flow of [[Electrical Charge|charge]] and constant [[Potential Difference|potential difference]]. However, as the [[Potential Difference|potential difference]] across the [[capacitor]] changes as the [[Electrical Charge|charge]] stored in the [[capacitor]] changes. This provides a maximum [[Energy Efficiency|efficiency]] of 50% to [[capacitor]]s which is far less than the [[Energy Efficiency|efficiency]] of a [[Electrical Battery|battery]]. |
===Formula=== | ===Formula=== | ||
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The energy 𝐸 stored in a capacitor is given by any of the three following formulae: | The energy 𝐸 stored in a capacitor is given by any of the three following formulae: | ||
| − | <math>𝐸 = \frac{1}{2}𝐶𝑉^2</math> | + | •<math>𝐸 = \frac{1}{2}𝐶𝑉^2</math> |
| − | <math>𝐸 = \frac{1}{2}Q𝑉</math> | + | •<math>𝐸 = \frac{1}{2}Q𝑉</math> |
| − | <math>𝐸 = \frac{1}{2}\frac{Q^2}{C}</math> | + | •<math>𝐸 = \frac{1}{2}\frac{Q^2}{C}</math> |
Where: | Where: | ||
Revision as of 15:07, 22 May 2024
Key Stage 5
Meaning
Capacitor energy refers to the energy stored in a capacitor due to the separation of charge.
About Capacitor Energy
- Energy stored in a capacitor can be used in various applications like powering the lights designed to flash and providing energy for defibrillators.
- Capacitors store energy in the electric field between their plates.
- The stored energy is released when the capacitor is discharged.
- Capacitors can deliver energy quickly compared to batteries.
- Used in power supplies to smooth out fluctuations in voltage.
- The energy stored in a capacitor is half the energy required to charge the capacitor. Since the work done to charge the capacitor is given by the product of the charge supplied by the battery and the potential difference of the battery provides a constant flow of charge and constant potential difference. However, as the potential difference across the capacitor changes as the charge stored in the capacitor changes. This provides a maximum efficiency of 50% to capacitors which is far less than the efficiency of a battery.
Formula
The energy 𝐸 stored in a capacitor is given by any of the three following formulae:
•\(𝐸 = \frac{1}{2}𝐶𝑉^2\)
•\(𝐸 = \frac{1}{2}Q𝑉\)
•\(𝐸 = \frac{1}{2}\frac{Q^2}{C}\)
Where:
𝐸 is the energy stored in the capacitor
𝐶 is the capacitance of the capacitor
and
𝑉 is the potential difference across the capacitor.