Difference between revisions of "Genetically Modified Organism"

Latest revision as of 15:18, 11 December 2019

Key Stage 4

Meaning

A genetically modified organism is a creature that has had its DNA altered by either adding the gene of another organism or removing a gene from its genome.

About Genetically Modified Organisms

Genetically modified organisms are created to have beneficial characteristics which cannot be bred naturally into the organism.

Insulin is produced by genetically modified bacteria which have had the gene coding for insulin inserted into a plasmid in the bacteria.

Golden rice is a genetically modified plant which has had the genes coding for the production of Vitamin A inserted into the DNA of a rice plant.

Ethics of Genetically Modified Organisms

Arguments in favour

Genetically modified organisms can save the lives of people who need insulin for diabetes.

Genetically modified organisms can provide vitamins to people whose normal diet may not include them due to poverty.

Genetically modified organisms can improve crop yields by making plants grow faster and bigger than normal.

Genetic modification of organisms can introduce new beneficial characteristics which could not have been introduced by selective breeding.

Genetically modified organisms can be made resistant to pests.

Arguments against

Some people believe that modifying the genes of organisms is unnatural or against the will of god.

The long term affects of genetic modification of organisms is not yet known.

The genes from a genetically modified organism may be spread into other populations of non-modified organisms which may not be desirable.

Some genetically modified organisms are made to be resistant to pesticides which means farmers can add more pesticides to the plants which may be harmful to local ecosystems.

Some genetically modified plants are made to be unable to reproduce, forcing farmers to buy new seeds every year from the company that made them.

Extra Information

References

Edexcel

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs), page 85, GCSE Biology, Pearson, Edexcel

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs), pages 52, 53, GCSE Biology; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel

Genetically modified organisms, (GMOs), page 63, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel

Genetically modified organisms, page 37, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel

OCR

Genetically modified (GM) organisms, pages 204-205, Gateway GCSE Biology, Oxford, OCR

GM (genetically modified) organisms, pages 204-205, Gateway GCSE Biology, Oxford, OCR

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 ===About Genetically Modified Organisms===
 : '''Genetically modified organisms''' are created to have beneficial characteristics which cannot be bred naturally into the [[organism]].
+: [[Insulin Production|Insulin is produced]] by '''genetically modified''' [[bacteria]] which have had the [[gene]] [[Coding DNA|coding]] for [[insulin]] inserted into a [[plasmid]] in the [[bacteria]].
+: [[Golden Rice|Golden rice]] is a '''genetically modified plant''' which has had the [[gene]]s [[Coding DNA|coding]] for the production of Vitamin A inserted into the [[DNA]] of a rice [[plant]].
+===Ethics of Genetically Modified Organisms===
+====Arguments in favour====
+: '''Genetically modified organisms''' can save the lives of people who need [[insulin]] for [[diabetes]].
+: '''Genetically modified organisms''' can provide vitamins to people whose normal diet may not include them due to poverty.
+: '''Genetically modified organisms''' can improve crop yields by making [[plant]]s grow faster and bigger than normal.
+: '''Genetic modification of organisms''' can introduce new beneficial characteristics which could not have been introduced by [[Selective Breeding|selective breeding]].
+: '''Genetically modified organisms''' can be made resistant to pests.
+====Arguments against====
+: Some people believe that '''modifying the genes''' of [[organism]]s is unnatural or against the will of god.
+: The long term affects of '''genetic modification of organisms''' is not yet known.
+: The [[gene]]s from a '''genetically modified organism''' may be spread into other [[population]]s of non-modified [[organism]]s which may not be desirable.
+: Some '''genetically modified organisms''' are made to be resistant to [[pesticide]]s which means farmers can add more [[pesticide]]s to the [[plant]]s which may be harmful to local [[ecosystem]]s.
+: Some '''genetically modified plants''' are made to be unable to reproduce, forcing farmers to buy new [[seed]]s every year from the company that made them.
 ===Extra Information===
 {{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7TmcXYp8xu4}}
+===References===
+====Edexcel====
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120207/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120207&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=22455ff53961978667722edaa64c0be5 ''Genetically modified organisms (GMOs), page 85, GCSE Biology, Pearson, Edexcel '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782946748/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782946748&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a4f0348fc37d0ba1bb52d27f8679581f ''Genetically modified organisms (GMOs), pages 52, 53, GCSE Biology; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Genetically modified organisms, (GMOs), page 63, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Genetically modified organisms, page 37, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
+====OCR====
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359810/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359810&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=d768d99f1a06f7c12fab40e5aef85a55 ''Genetically modified (GM) organisms, pages 204-205, Gateway GCSE Biology, Oxford, OCR  '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359810/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359810&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=d768d99f1a06f7c12fab40e5aef85a55 ''GM (genetically modified) organisms, pages 204-205, Gateway GCSE Biology, Oxford, OCR  '']