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Created page with "==Key Stage 4 Foundation== ===Meaning=== '''Newton's Second Law''' states that "Force = Mass x Acceleration, which means the acceleration of an object is Directly Pr..."
==Key Stage 4 Foundation==
===Meaning===
'''Newton's Second Law''' states that "Force = Mass x Acceleration, which means the [[acceleration]] of an [[object]] is [[Directly Proportional|directly proportional]] to the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting upon it."
===About Newton's Second Law===
: '''Newton's Second Law''' can be used to calculate the [[acceleration]] of an [[object]] given its [[mass]] and the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting upon it.
===Equation===
Force = Mass x Acceleration
<math>F=ma</math>
Where:
F = The [[Resultant Force]] on the [[object]].
m = The [[mass]] of the [[object]].
a = The [[acceleration]] of the [[object]].
===Example Calculations===
====Finding the Force given Mass and Acceleration===
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 2.3kg [[object]] [[accelerate]]s at a rate of 8.8m/s/s. Calculate the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting on the [[object]] correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 5.5x10<sup>4</sup>kg rocket [[accelerate]]s at a rate of 61m/s/s. Calculate the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting on the rocket correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 2.3kg
a = 8.8m/s/s
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 5.5x10<sup>4</sup>kg
a = 61m/s/s
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>F=2.3 \times 8.8</math>
<math>F=20.24N</math>
<math>F \approx 20N</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>F=5.5 \times 10^4 \times 61</math>
<math>F=3355000N</math>
<math>F \approx 3.4 \times 10^6 N</math>
|}
====Finding the Acceleration given Mass and Force===
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 7kg [[object]] is subjected to a [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] of 53N. Calculate the [[acceleration]] of the [[object]] correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 160g snooker ball experiences a [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] of 12N. Calculate the [[acceleration]] of the snooker ball correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 7kg
F = 53N
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 160g = 0.16kg
F = 12N
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>53=7a</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>12=0.16a</math>
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>a = \frac{53}{7}</math>
<math>a = 7.571m/s/s</math>
<math>a \approx 7.6m/s/s</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>a = \frac{12}{0.16}</math>
<math>a = 75m/s/s</math>
|}
==Key Stage 4 Higher==
===Meaning===
'''Newton's Second Law''' states that "Force = Mass x Acceleration, which means the [[acceleration]] of an [[object]] is [[Directly Proportional|directly proportional]] to the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting upon it."
===About Newton's Second Law===
: '''Newton's Second Law''' can be used to calculate the [[acceleration]] of an [[object]] given its [[mass]] and the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting upon it.
: '''Newton's Second Law''' provides a definition for [[Inertial Mass|inertial mass]] as the [[ratio]] of [[force]] to the [[acceleration]] of an [[object]] <math>m= \frac{F}{a}</math>.
===Equation===
Force = (Inertial Mass) x Acceleration
<math>F=ma</math>
Where:
F = The [[Resultant Force]] on the [[object]].
m = The [[Inertial Mass]] of the [[object]].
a = The [[acceleration]] of the [[object]].
===Example Calculations===
====Finding the Force given Mass and Acceleration===
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 1.23Mg [[object]] [[accelerate]]s at a rate of 5.3x10<sup>-2</sup>m/s/s. Calculate the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting on the [[object]] correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 1.7x10ng cell [[accelerate]]s at a rate of 320m/s/s. Calculate the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting on the rocket correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 1.23Mg = 1230kg
a = 5.3x10<sup>-2</sup>m/s/s
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 1.7ng = 1.7x10<sup>-12</sup>kg
a = 320m/s/s.
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>F=1230 \times 5.3 \times 10^{-2}</math>
<math>F=65.19</math>
<math>F \approx 65N</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>F=1.7 \times 10^{-12} \times 320</math>
<math>F=0.000000000544N</math>
<math>F \approx 5.4 \times 10^{-10}N</math>
|}
====Finding the Acceleration given Mass and Force===
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 9.2g [[object]] is subjected to a [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] of 3.7kN. Calculate the [[acceleration]] of the [[object]] correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 333 tonne passenger plane experiences a [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] of 1.008MN. Calculate the [[acceleration]] of the passenger plane correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 9.2g = 0.0092kg
F = 3.7kN = 3700N
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 333 tonne = 3.33 x 10<sup>5</sup>kg
F = 1.008MN = 1.008 x 10<sup>6</sup>N
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>3700=0.0092a</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>1.008 \times 10^6 = (3.33 \times 10^5 )a</math>
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>a = \frac{3700}{0.0092}</math>
<math>a = 402173.913m/s/s</math>
<math>a \approx 4.0 \times 10^5m/s/s</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>a = \frac{1.008 \times 10^6}{3.33 \times 10^5}</math>
<math>a = 3.027m/s/s</math>
<math>a \approx 3.0m/s/s</math>
|}
===Meaning===
'''Newton's Second Law''' states that "Force = Mass x Acceleration, which means the [[acceleration]] of an [[object]] is [[Directly Proportional|directly proportional]] to the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting upon it."
===About Newton's Second Law===
: '''Newton's Second Law''' can be used to calculate the [[acceleration]] of an [[object]] given its [[mass]] and the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting upon it.
===Equation===
Force = Mass x Acceleration
<math>F=ma</math>
Where:
F = The [[Resultant Force]] on the [[object]].
m = The [[mass]] of the [[object]].
a = The [[acceleration]] of the [[object]].
===Example Calculations===
====Finding the Force given Mass and Acceleration===
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 2.3kg [[object]] [[accelerate]]s at a rate of 8.8m/s/s. Calculate the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting on the [[object]] correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 5.5x10<sup>4</sup>kg rocket [[accelerate]]s at a rate of 61m/s/s. Calculate the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting on the rocket correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 2.3kg
a = 8.8m/s/s
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 5.5x10<sup>4</sup>kg
a = 61m/s/s
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>F=2.3 \times 8.8</math>
<math>F=20.24N</math>
<math>F \approx 20N</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>F=5.5 \times 10^4 \times 61</math>
<math>F=3355000N</math>
<math>F \approx 3.4 \times 10^6 N</math>
|}
====Finding the Acceleration given Mass and Force===
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 7kg [[object]] is subjected to a [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] of 53N. Calculate the [[acceleration]] of the [[object]] correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 160g snooker ball experiences a [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] of 12N. Calculate the [[acceleration]] of the snooker ball correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 7kg
F = 53N
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 160g = 0.16kg
F = 12N
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>53=7a</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>12=0.16a</math>
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>a = \frac{53}{7}</math>
<math>a = 7.571m/s/s</math>
<math>a \approx 7.6m/s/s</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>a = \frac{12}{0.16}</math>
<math>a = 75m/s/s</math>
|}
==Key Stage 4 Higher==
===Meaning===
'''Newton's Second Law''' states that "Force = Mass x Acceleration, which means the [[acceleration]] of an [[object]] is [[Directly Proportional|directly proportional]] to the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting upon it."
===About Newton's Second Law===
: '''Newton's Second Law''' can be used to calculate the [[acceleration]] of an [[object]] given its [[mass]] and the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting upon it.
: '''Newton's Second Law''' provides a definition for [[Inertial Mass|inertial mass]] as the [[ratio]] of [[force]] to the [[acceleration]] of an [[object]] <math>m= \frac{F}{a}</math>.
===Equation===
Force = (Inertial Mass) x Acceleration
<math>F=ma</math>
Where:
F = The [[Resultant Force]] on the [[object]].
m = The [[Inertial Mass]] of the [[object]].
a = The [[acceleration]] of the [[object]].
===Example Calculations===
====Finding the Force given Mass and Acceleration===
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 1.23Mg [[object]] [[accelerate]]s at a rate of 5.3x10<sup>-2</sup>m/s/s. Calculate the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting on the [[object]] correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 1.7x10ng cell [[accelerate]]s at a rate of 320m/s/s. Calculate the [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] acting on the rocket correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 1.23Mg = 1230kg
a = 5.3x10<sup>-2</sup>m/s/s
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 1.7ng = 1.7x10<sup>-12</sup>kg
a = 320m/s/s.
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>F=1230 \times 5.3 \times 10^{-2}</math>
<math>F=65.19</math>
<math>F \approx 65N</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>F=1.7 \times 10^{-12} \times 320</math>
<math>F=0.000000000544N</math>
<math>F \approx 5.4 \times 10^{-10}N</math>
|}
====Finding the Acceleration given Mass and Force===
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 9.2g [[object]] is subjected to a [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] of 3.7kN. Calculate the [[acceleration]] of the [[object]] correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 333 tonne passenger plane experiences a [[Resultant Force|resultant force]] of 1.008MN. Calculate the [[acceleration]] of the passenger plane correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 9.2g = 0.0092kg
F = 3.7kN = 3700N
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 333 tonne = 3.33 x 10<sup>5</sup>kg
F = 1.008MN = 1.008 x 10<sup>6</sup>N
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>3700=0.0092a</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
<math>F=ma</math>
<math>1.008 \times 10^6 = (3.33 \times 10^5 )a</math>
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>a = \frac{3700}{0.0092}</math>
<math>a = 402173.913m/s/s</math>
<math>a \approx 4.0 \times 10^5m/s/s</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>a = \frac{1.008 \times 10^6}{3.33 \times 10^5}</math>
<math>a = 3.027m/s/s</math>
<math>a \approx 3.0m/s/s</math>
|}